Steam generating installation



July 5, 1932. a. P. JACKSON STEAM GENERATING INSTALLATION Filed June 4,1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I I z z //n IN VENTOR W ATTORNEY) I, nn/9 July 5,1932 G. P. JACKSON 1,866,307

7 STEAM GENERATING INSTALLATION Fil ed June 4, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTOR M ATTORNEYS Patented July 5, 1932 UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE BUSTION ENGINEERING CORPORATION,

DELAWARE OF NEW YORK N. Y., A. CORPORATION OF STEAM. GENERATINGINSTALLATION Applicationfiled June 4, 1929. Serial' No. 368,227.

This invention relates to steam generating installations and has for itsprimary object the provision of an improved installation which isinexpensive, compact and effective and which has among its advantagesthe following.

Theobtaining of any desired temperature for superheat through theprovision of an arrangement of boiler tubes in advance of thesuperheater which may readily be increased or decreased in number andthe spacing of which may be readily altered- Ample superheater spacewith ready accessibility to the superheater and also arranged to beeasily made free from air leaks.

The furnace tu es may be of a spacing to meet any type of firingcondition and the spacing thereof is not dependent on the spacing of theboiler tubes.

It is another object of the invention to provide-in an arrangementwhereby the evaporating elements of the boiler largely define thecombustion space of the boiler-an upright two drum boiler unit; fronttubes of which in part define a portion of a wall of the combustionspace and in part the top of the combustion space, which also afi'ord aspace for a superheater, other tubes of such boiler unit serving asconvection surface to suitably lower the temperature of gases forentrance into a combustion air heater.

The purpose of this arrangement is to provide a design of installationsuitable for average pressures in contradistinction to real highpressures, and it is especially useful in a steam generatinginstallation adapted to be pperated at high ratings with high capacity.

It is still another object of the invention to provide a two drumupright boiler unit in combination with other evaporating surfacesdefining combustion space of thefinstallation in such manner thatsubstantially all of the active heat absorbing surface of theinstallation discharges steam abovethe water line while, at the sametime, ade uate supply for all of such active heat absor ing surface isensured.

How the foregoing, together with such other objects and advantages asmay hereinrow consists of five tubes. v

tend vertically upward from the drum 3 for after appear, or are incidentto my invention,-

are realized is illustrated in preferred form n 7 associated with thecombustion chamber, the

combustion chamber being located in front of and beneath the boilerunit; a superheater C located in a superheater space 1) provided in theboiler unit B, burner means E for admitting-finely divided fuel and airinto the combustion chamber in a manner to produce turbulent andinstense combustion, the burners being preferably tangentially disposed;an oiftake F for the products of combustion; and an air heater G locatedin the ofi'take.

The boiler unit B comprises alower mud drum 3, an upper steam and waterdrum 4, a bank of upright convectiontubes '5 connecting said drums,upper front -header means, in this instance comprising a row of upperfront headers 6 located to one side of the drum 4 and spacedsubstantially ,there-' from, although it is to be understood that asingle box header may be employed, a bank of bent boiler tubes 7connecting the lower drum 3 and they headers 6', a plurality of upcomertubes 8 leading from the headers 6 to the steam space of the upper drum4, suitable bafllin 9 in thebank of tubes 7 arranged to provi e a topoutlet 10 for the combustion chamber communicating. with the superheaterspace D and suitable bafiling 11 for the bank of tubes 5 arranged'toprovide a. plurality of up and down passes for the gases superheaterspace D to the oiftake F.

The tubes of the bank 7 are arranged in vertical spaced rows andashereinshowneach These tubes exa portion of their length and then bendand extend substantially horizontally for the remainder of their length,it being preferable to have them incline slightly toward the headers.The vertical portion of this bank of tubes is located closely adjacentthe upright bank of convection tubes 5.

Through the arrangement of boiler just described I am enabled to provideample space between the substantially horizontally extending portion ofthe bank of tubes 7 and the upcomer tubes 8 for the location of thesuperheater C. A superheater so located is readily accessible forrepairs and cleaning. The upcomer tubes 8 constitute the top of thesuperheater space and act as a support for a sheathing or covering forthe space. Thus I have provided an inexpensive construction which caneasily be made free from air leaks.

The arrangement of tubes below the superheater can be made so as to giveany desired temperature at the superheater both in regard to any spacingthat is desirable in these tubes and also as to the number of tubesdesired in a vertical direction. Ifit is desired to obtain lowersuperheat temperature, a greater number of tubes may be employed in thebank 7. Also, if it is desired to increase the superheat temperaturecertain of the tubes may be removed, in which case the idle tube holesin the headers would be plugged.

. The arrangement of the tubes of the bank 7 is such that definitecirculation is provided, it being noted that a very substantialindividual head is provided in these tubes.

The combustion chamber A above referred to has its front wall defined bya row of closely spaced upright tubes 12 which pass outwardly to theexterior of the combustion chamber at their lower and upper ends forconnection into the outside lower and upper headers 13 and 14respectively. A plurality of upcomer tubes 15 lead from the upperheaders 14 of the front wall tubes to the steam space of the drum 4. Thetubes 15 pass inwardly from the headers 14, then upwardly through thespaces between the vertical rows of tubes'of the bank 7 and then bendand pass rearwardly along the upper part of the superheater space Dtothe steam space of the drum 4. It will be noted that the tubes 12 ofthe front wall pass outwardly at their upper ends at a point below thehorizontally extending portions of the tubes of the bank 7, and, there-'fore, the spacing of these tubes is not dependent on the spacing of thetubes in the bank 7 and consequently any spacing can be used in thefront wall to suit operating conditions. In the drawings I have shownthe spacing of the tubes 12 considerably less than the spacing of therows of tubes of the bank 7.

The bottom of the combustion space is defined by a row of tubes 16,which tubes incline upwardly and forwardly from the lower rear header orsmall drum 17 tothe lower header 13 of the front wall. A plurality ofdowncomers 18 are connected at their upper ends into the drum 3 and attheir lower ends into the header 17 to supply water to the header 17from the drum.

The lower rear portion of the combustion chamber is defined by a row ofupright tubes 19 which are connected at their lower ends into the lowerheader 17. The tubes of this row at their upper ends are connected toelbows 20 located inside the drum 3, which elbows serve to connect thetubes 19 with a row of upright tubes 21 grouped with the tubes of theconvection bank 5 and extending upwardly for connection into the steamspace of the upper drum 4. 7

Each side of the combustion space is defined by a row of closely spacedupright tubes 22, the lower ends of which are connected into an outsideheader 23 and the upper ends of which are connected into an outsideheader 24. The headers 23 are supplied from the small drum 17 by aplurality of bent tubes 25 and the upper headers 24 deliver to the upperdrum 4 by means of a plurality of upcomer tubes 26 connecting the upperheaders with the steam space of the drum 4. The tubes of the rows 12, 19and 22 are preferably provided with longitudinally extending fins.

The upper rear portion of the combustion chamber is defined by thevertically extending portion of the bank of tubes 7 and the top of thecombustion chamber is formed by the substantially horizontally extendingportion of the bank of tubes 7. Stated in another way I have provided anupright two drum boiler unit having tubes so arranged that front tubesthereof in part define a portion of a wall of the combustion space ofthe installation and in part the top of the combustion space.

In an installation of the character described the tubes of the bank 5,under most operating conditions, act as downcomers and, therefore,adequate supply for all of the active heat absorbing surface is ensured,not only because of the head but also because of the pull caused bytheactive heat absorbing surfaces, all of which discharge above thewater line and receive their supply from the lower drum. Inasmuch as allof the active heat absorbing surfaces discharge steam above the waterline of the upper drum a high quality of steam is ensured. The pull ofthe bank. of tubes 5 also makes for a high quality of steam. I Tofurther ensure that a high quality of steam is obtained, I may employbaffling in the drum 4, such, for example, as a perforated plate.

The arrangement of the tubes of the bank 5 may be made to give, withinreasonable limits, any desired gas temperature at the exit dependent onthe size of drum employed and the bafiling arrangement.

I claim 1. A boiler comprising, in combination, an upper steam and waterdrum, a lower mud drum, vertically extending bent tubes connecting saiddrumsiupper header means located to one side of the upper drum, a bankof tubes connecting the lower drum to said header meanspomprising aplurality of rows of bent tubes, said tubes extending verticallyadjacent to the aforesaid vertically extending bent tubes for a portionof their length ,and substantially horizontally for the remainder oftheir length, tubes connecting said upper header means withthe steamspace of the upper drum, said last mentioned tubes and the substantiallyhorizontal portion of said bank of tubes constituting the upper andlower boundaries of a superheater space, and a superheater located insaid space.

2. A boiler comprising, in combination, an upper steam and water-drum,a. lower mud drum, upper header means located to one side of andsubstantially spaced from the upper drum, a bank of vertical, bent tubesconnecting said drums, at bank of bent tubes connecting the mud drum andthe upper header means, the tubes of said bank extending verticallyadjacent to the first mentioned bank of tubes for a portion of theirlength and substantially horizontally in the upper portion of the boilerfor the remainder of their length, a row of tubes connecting the upperheader means to the'steam space of the i of boiler tubes in thecombustion chamber and upper drum, said row of, tubes being spaced abovethe substantially horizontal portion of the second bank to provide asuperheater space therebetween, and a superheater located in said space.

3. A steam generating installation comprising, in combination,-a boilerincludin an upper steam and water drum, a lower mu drum, a set of upperheaders located to one side of and substantially spaced from the upperdrum, vertically extending bent tubes connecting said drums, a bank ofbent tubes connecting the mud drum to the set of upper headers, saidtubes being arranged in spaced vertical rows and extending verticallyfor a portion of their length and substantially horizontally for theremainder of their length, and tubes connecting said set of headers withthe steam space of the upper drum; a combustion chamber located in frontof and beneath said boiler; sets marginal of combustion space thereofdowncomer tubes leading from the lower drum of the boiler to said setsof boiler tubes; upcomer tubes leading from said sets of boiler tubes tothe steam space of the upper drum;

and means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to be burnedin space therein. i

t. A steam generating installation comprising, in combination; a boilerincluding an upper steam and water drum, a lower mud drum, 2; set ofupper headers located to one side of and substantially spaced fromtheupper drum, vertically extending bent tubes connecting the mud drumto the set of upa per headers, said tubes being arranged in spacedvertical rows and extending vertically for a portion of their length andsubstantially horizontally for the remainder of their length, and tubesconnecting said set ofheaders with the steam space of the uppendrum; acombustion chamber located in front of and beneath said boiler; boilertubes in the combustion chamber and-marginal of combustion space thereofincluding a row of vertical tubes lining the front wall of thecombustion chamber, a header into which the lower ends of said tubes areconnected, a header into which the upper ends of said tubes areconnected, means for connecting the lower header to the mud drum of theboiler, and tubes connecting the upper header into the steam space ofthe upper drum of the boiler, said tubes extending upwardly through thespaces between the-rows of tubes of the bank connecting the mud drum tothe upper set of headers of the boiler and then rearwardly to the upperdrum; and means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to. beburned in space therein.

'5. In combination, an upper and a lower drum, a bank of uprightconvection tubes connecting them, a set of upper headers to one side ofand. spaced from the upper drum, a bank of bent boiler tubes connectingthe lower drum to said set of headers, the tubes of said bank beingarranged in vertical spaced rows and extending upright for a portibn oftheir length and substantially horizontally for the remainder of theirlength, the upright portion thereof being adjacent the uprightconvection bank,-tubes connecting said set of headers to the steam spaceof the upper drum, a combustion chamber the top of the combustion spaceof which is defined by the substantially horizontal portion of the bankconnecting the lower drum and the set of headers and-an upright portionof which is defined by the upright portion of saidbank, a superheaterspace above said substantially horizontal portion of said bank, asuperheater in said space, battling for said last mentioned bankproviding an outlet from the combustion chamber to the superheaterspace, and baffling' for said bank ofconvection tubes providing up anddown gas passes in said bank, an oiftake, an airheater in said ofitake,and means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to be burnedin space therein;

,6. In combination, an upper and, a lower drum, a bank of uprightconvection tubes connecting them, a set of upper headers to one sideof-and spaced from the upper drum,

a bank of bent boiler tubes connecting the lower drum to said set ofheaders, the tubes of said bank being arranged in vertical spacedrows'and extending upright for a portion of their length andsubstantially horizontally for the remainder of their length, theupright portion thereof being adjacent the upright convection, bank,tubes connecting said set of headers to the steam space of the upperdrum, a combustion chamber the top of the combustion space of which isdefined by the substantially horizontal portion of the bank connectingthe lower drum and the set of headers and an upright portion of which isdefined by the upright portion of said bank, radiant heat tubes largelydefining the remainder of the combustion space, downcomer connectionsfrom the lower drum to the radiant heat tubes and upcomer connectionsfrom the radiant heat tubes to the steam space of the upper drum, asuper heater space above said substantially horizontal portion of saidbank, a superheater in said space, baflling providing an outlet from thecombustionvchamber to said superheater space, an offtake, and otherbaffling associated with the first bafiling to provide up and downpasses among the convection bank for the gases of combustion in theirpassage from the superheater space to the offtake, an air heater in saidofftake, and means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber tobe burned in space therein.

7. In combination, a'boiler including upper and lower rear drums, a bankof upright convection tubes connecting said drums,

a row of upper front headers, a bank of bent tubes connecting the lowerdrum and said headers, the tubes of said bank extending upright for aportion of the length and substantially horizontally for the remainderof their. length and being arranged in vertical spaced rows, tubesconnecting said headers to the steam space of the upper drum, acombustion chamber located in front of and beneath the boiler, .a row ofupright radiant heat tubes defining the'front wall of the combustionchamber, means connecting said radiant heat tubes to the lower drum, anupper header into which the upper ends of said tubes are connected,upcomer tubes connecting said upper header into the steam space of saiddrum, and; means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to beburned in space therein. p 8. In combination, a boiler including upperand lower rear drums, a bank of upright convection tubes connecting saiddrums, a row of upper front headers, a bank of bent tubes connectinheaders, the tu es of said bank extending upright for a portion of thelength and substantially horizontally for the remainder of their lengthand being arranged in vertical spaced rows, tubes connecting saidheaders 'to the steam space of the upper drum, a comthe lower drum andsaid name.

GEORGE P. JACKSON.

